The allowance for doubtful accounts is a contra-asset estimating the portion of receivables not expected to be collected, so the balance sheet shows realistic collectible value.
Not every receivable gets paid. The allowance for doubtful accounts is an estimate of the uncollectible portion, recorded as a contra-asset that reduces accounts receivable to its expected collectible value. This follows the accrual principle of matching the expected bad-debt expense to the period the sales were made.
The allowance (an accounting estimate) differs from an actual bad-debt write-off, and from the tax treatment, where a reserve for doubtful debts has its own rules and only specific bad debts are deductible. When a specific account is later confirmed uncollectible, it is written off against the allowance.
A company with $200,000 of receivables estimates 3% will not be paid. It records a $6,000 allowance, showing net receivables of $194,000, and matches the expected loss to the period the sales occurred.
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A tax return is the annual filing that reports your income, deductions and credits to the CRA so the final tax for the year can be settled. Payers withhold tax during the year and the return reconciles that against what you actually owe, producing either a refund or a balance to pay. For 2025 returns filed in 2026, refunds usually arrive in about two weeks for an online return, while a paper return runs on a considerably longer standard because it is handled manually.
Property tax is an annual municipal levy on real estate, charged by the city or town where the property sits rather than by the CRA. The bill is the assessed value of the property multiplied by the tax rate the municipality sets each year, and it funds local services such as roads, waste collection, policing and the education portion the province adds. Assessed value is set by a provincial assessment authority, so it is not the price you paid.
Start in My Account, My Business Account or Represent a Client, where balances, slips, returns, mail and secure messages already sit. For anything the portals cannot do, use the enquiries lines on the CRA's Contact the CRA page, which are toll-free within Canada, or write to the tax centre named on your notice. When the lines are busy the phone system sometimes offers an automated call-back instead of holding.
CIT stands for corporate income tax, the tax a corporation pays on its own profits and reports on a T2 return rather than a personal return. For 2026 a Canadian-controlled private corporation claiming the small business deduction pays a federal rate of 9% on the first $500,000 of active business income, with the federal general net rate at 15%, and a provincial rate applies on top. The T2 return is due six months after the fiscal year end, but the tax itself is due earlier: two months after year end, or three months for a Canadian-controlled private corporation that claims the small business deduction and meets the other conditions.
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Ex Big 4 — Ernst & Young, Deloitte · International & cross-border tax specialist · CPA Canada (In-Depth Tax Program) · Chartered accountant, ICAI & MIA
Udit Gupta has over 15 years of experience helping corporations and business owners with corporate structuring, corporate tax filing, bookkeeping, payroll, GST/HST, cross-border tax and CRA representation. Big 4 trained at Ernst & Young and Deloitte, and qualified as a chartered accountant in India and again in Malaysia, he founded his accounting practice in 2014 to serve entrepreneurs, startups and non-resident business owners across Canada. View full member bio.
The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India — member 521458 · Malaysian Institute of Accountants — member CA 44667 · Ex Big 4: Ernst & Young, Deloitte · CPA Canada (In-Depth Tax Program), completed 19 Dec 2023 · In-Depth GST/HST Part I, 12 Jul 2022 · Part II, 5 Jul 2023
Editorial policy. Every page is researched against primary sources — the Income Tax Act, CRA publications and CPA Canada guidance — and every rate or threshold is stated with the tax year it applies to.
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