Variable Cost

A tax return is the annual filing that reports your income, deductions and credits to the CRA so the final tax for the year can be settled. Payers withhold tax during the year and the return reconciles that against what you actually owe, producing either a refund or a balance to pay. For 2025 returns filed in 2026, refunds usually arrive in about two weeks for an online return, while a paper return runs on a considerably longer standard because it is handled manually.

Property tax is an annual municipal levy on real estate, charged by the city or town where the property sits rather than by the CRA. The bill is the assessed value of the property multiplied by the tax rate the municipality sets each year, and it funds local services such as roads, waste collection, policing and the education portion the province adds. Assessed value is set by a provincial assessment authority, so it is not the price you paid.

Not everyone owes income tax, though almost everyone touches the system. Income tax starts once taxable income passes your personal credits; the federal basic personal amount for 2026 is $16,452, tapering to $14,829 at higher net income. Filing still matters with nothing owing, because benefits and credits are calculated from the return. Sales tax, payroll contributions and fuel or tobacco taxes reach people who pay no income tax at all.

Canadian sellers advertise pre-tax prices and add GST, HST or provincial sales tax at the till. Nothing requires tax-included pricing, rates differ by province, and taxability depends on what is sold: one trip to the till can mix fully taxable goods, zero-rated goods such as basic groceries, and exempt supplies. Fuel is the exception — the price posted at the pump already contains the fuel taxes and the GST or HST, so nothing is added when you pay.